The term RESIDENT OF ANCIENT CUZCO can be solved with the 4-letter word INCA. The INCA were an ancient South American civilization that flourished in the Andes Mountains from the 12th to 16th centuries. They were the largest empire in pre-Columbian America and their capital was Cuzco, located in modern-day Peru. The INCA were known for their advanced engineering and architecture, as well as their complex social and political systems. Residents of Cuzco during the INCA Empire were known as INCA, and were part of a highly stratified society.