Speleology is the scientific study of caves and other karst features. It is a multidisciplinary field that combines geology, hydrology, biology, and archaeology to understand the formation and evolution of caves, as well as their role in the environment. Speleologists explore and map caves, study cave formations, and analyze the effects of water on the landscape. They also study the history and ecology of caves, and the organisms that inhabit them. Speleology is an important field of research for understanding the Earth's history and its current environment.