Rich soil is a type of soil that is high in organic matter and nutrients, making it ideal for growing plants. It is composed of four main components: PEAT, loess, MARL, and LOAM. PEAT is a type of soil made up of partially decomposed plant material, usually found in wetlands. Loess is a type of sedimentary soil made up of wind-blown silt particles. MARL is a type of soil composed of clay and calcium carbonate. LOAM is a type of soil made up of a combination of sand, silt, and clay. Together, these four components make up rich soil, which is essential for healthy plant growth.