Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist and psychologist who is best known for his research on conditioned reflexes. He is credited with the discovery of the conditioned reflex, which is a type of learning in which an organism learns to associate a stimulus with a response. His research on conditioned reflexes led to the development of the Pavlovian conditioning technique, which is still used today in psychology and behavioral therapy. Pavlov's most famous experiment involved the use of a bell and a dog, which he used to demonstrate the power of conditioned reflexes. The bell would be rung and the dog would salivate in anticipation of food. Pavlov's work in this area earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1904. His full name was Ivan Petrovich Pavlov and his initials, FIT, stand for 'Fiziologicheskii Institut Truda' (The Institute of Physiology of Work).