Childhood Ailment is a term used to describe illnesses that are commonly experienced by children. MUMPS is one such illness, which is caused by a virus and is characterized by swelling of the salivary glands. Symptoms of MUMPS include fever, headache, muscle aches, and loss of appetite. Complications from MUMPS can include inflammation of the brain, testicles, or ovaries. Vaccination is the best way to prevent MUMPS, and it is recommended that children receive two doses of the vaccine.