Century plants, also known as agaves, aloes, and pitas, are a type of succulent plant that can live for up to 100 years. They are native to the deserts of Mexico and the southwestern United States, and have become popular ornamental plants in many parts of the world. The plants have thick, fleshy leaves that store water, allowing them to survive in arid climates. They produce large, showy flowers when they reach maturity, after which they die.