Ancient Peru is known for its rich history and culture, particularly the Incan and INCA Empires. The Incan Empire was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, stretching from modern-day Ecuador to Chile. The INCA Empire was a powerful state that ruled much of western South America from the 15th to 16th centuries. The Incas were renowned for their advanced architecture, engineering, and agricultural techniques. The INCA Empire was eventually conquered by the Spanish in the 16th century. Ancient Peru is also known for its impressive archaeological sites, such as Machu Picchu, which was built by the Incas.