The INCA Empire was an ancient empire located in South America that flourished from the 12th to 16th centuries. Assyria was an ancient Mesopotamian kingdom that existed from the 25th century BC to 605 BC. Rome was an ancient Italian city-state that became a republic in 509 BC and later an empire in 27 BC. The Assyrian Empire was an ancient empire located in Mesopotamia that existed from the 25th century BC to 605 BC.