The term 'universal language' refers to a language that is spoken by people from all over the world. Two examples of universal languages are Esperanto and Ido. Esperanto is an artificial language created in 1887 by Dr. L.L. Zamenhof, a Polish-Jewish ophthalmologist. It was designed to be a language that could be used for international communication. Ido is a constructed language derived from Esperanto, created in 1907 by a group of reformers who wanted to make Esperanto easier to learn. Both Esperanto and Ido have been used as international auxiliary languages, but neither has achieved widespread use.