Unarmed combat is a form of physical combat that does not involve the use of weapons. Two popular forms of unarmed combat are Karate and Judo. Karate is a martial art developed in Okinawa, Japan, and is characterized by striking techniques such as punching, kicking, knee and elbow strikes, and open-handed techniques such as knife-hands and spear-hands. Judo is a martial art developed in Japan and is characterized by throwing techniques, joint locks, pins, and chokeholds. Both Karate and Judo are practiced worldwide and have been adapted for self-defense, sport, and physical fitness.