Taiwan, also known as FORMOSA, is an island nation located off the coast of mainland China. It has a population of over 23 million people and is known for its vibrant culture, diverse landscape, and rich history. FORMOSA is the Portuguese name for Taiwan, which was given to the island by Portuguese sailors in the 16th century. Taiwan is a democratic country with a strong economy and a high standard of living. It is also home to many world-renowned universities and research institutions.