A staircase component is composed of several parts, including a STEP, newel, RISER, TREAD, and LANDING. A STEP is the horizontal part of the staircase that one steps on when climbing or descending. A newel is a vertical post at the beginning or end of a staircase, providing support and stability. A RISER is the vertical part of the staircase between each STEP. A TREAD is the horizontal part of the staircase between each RISER. Finally, a LANDING is a platform between flights of stairs, providing a resting point for those climbing or descending the staircase.