Rock fracture, also known as faulting, is the process of breaking rocks along a surface due to stress. It occurs when two blocks of rock move in opposite directions along a fracture plane, resulting in the formation of a fracture. Faulting can be caused by tectonic forces, such as those found in earthquakes, or by other forces, such as those found in landslides. Faulting can also occur naturally over time due to weathering and erosion.