Recurring themes are common elements that appear in literature, film, and other forms of media. These themes can be expressed through MOTIFS and tropes. MOTIFS are recurring symbols, images, or ideas that are used to convey a particular theme or message. Tropes are narrative devices that are used to create a certain effect or to convey a particular idea. Both MOTIFS and tropes are used to create a sense of familiarity and to evoke an emotional response from the audience.