Qatar is an EMIRATE, a type of political unit that is ruled by a monarch. It is located in the Middle East and is bordered by Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf. Qatar is a small country with a population of approximately 2.6 million people. It is known for its oil and gas reserves, and is one of the wealthiest countries in the world. Qatar is also home to many international organizations, such as the United Nations, and is a major hub for international trade.