Political doctrines, also known as 'ISMS', are a set of beliefs or ideologies that guide political action. They are often used to explain and justify certain political actions or policies. Examples of political doctrines include liberalism, conservatism, socialism, and anarchism. Each of these doctrines has its own set of values and principles that shape the way people think about politics and how they interact with each other. Political doctrines can be used to explain why certain policies are adopted or rejected, and how different groups of people should be treated.