Sifting is a process used to separate out small particles from a larger mass. It is often used in prospecting for gold, where the sifter will use a pan to separate out the heavier particles of gold from the lighter dirt and gravel. Panning for gold is an age-old practice that has been used since ancient times to find gold deposits. The process involves swirling a pan filled with sediment and water in a circular motion to separate out the heavier particles of gold.