Andrei Sakharov was a Soviet physicist and Nobel Laureate who is widely regarded as the father of the Soviet hydrogen bomb. He was also an outspoken human rights activist and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975 for his efforts to promote human rights and peace. He was a prominent figure in the dissident movement in the Soviet Union and was exiled from Moscow in 1980. He continued to speak out against the Soviet government until his death in 1989.