Nerve cells, also known as neurons, are the basic building blocks of the nervous system. They are composed of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Neurons are responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body. Axons are long, thin projections that carry electrical signals away from the cell body. Ganglia are clusters of neuron cell bodies located outside the central nervous system. Together, these three components form the basis of the nervous system, allowing us to sense, think, and move.