The term 'Nation on the Persian Gulf' is referring to IRAN, which is a country located in the Middle East. It is bordered by Iraq, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. IRAN has a long history, with its earliest known civilization dating back to the 6th century BCE. It is home to one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, and has been an important regional power for centuries. IRAN is also known for its rich culture, which includes art, literature, music, and cuisine.