Mideast Belief is a term that refers to the Islamic faith, which is the predominant religion in the Middle East. Islam is a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and the Quran, which is the holy book of Islam. It is one of the world's major religions, with over 1.8 billion adherents worldwide. The core beliefs of Islam include belief in one God, the angels, the prophets, the day of judgment, and predestination.