The largest penguin is the EMPEROR Penguin, which is seven letters long. It is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species and is endemic to Antarctica. The average height of an EMPEROR Penguin is around 122 cm (4 ft) tall and they can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb). They are well adapted to the cold Antarctic climate, with their thick layers of insulating feathers and a layer of fat beneath the skin. EMPEROR Penguins are also known for their impressive diving abilities, reaching depths of up to 550 meters (1, 800 ft).