Graphite is a naturally occurring form of carbon, often referred to as 'black LEAD' or 'PLUMBAGO'. It is a soft, black, crystalline material that is used in a variety of applications, including pencils, lubricants, and batteries. Graphite is also used as a conductor in electronics and as a refractory material in high-temperature furnaces. LEAD is another form of carbon, but it is much harder and less malleable than graphite.