Former New York Mayor Ed Koch was a three-term mayor of New York City from 1978 to 1989. He was known for his outspoken and often controversial style of leadership, and his tenure was marked by a number of successes, including the revitalization of Times Square and the development of the city's subway system. He was also an advocate for civil rights and social justice, and he was a strong supporter of Israel. His legacy lives on in the many projects he initiated during his time in office.