The term 'Former Mideast Leader' refers to three individuals: Gamal Abdel Nasser, Golda Meir, and Mohammad Reza SHAH Pahlavi. Nasser was an Egyptian politician who served as the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death in 1970. He was a major figure in the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and promoted pan-Arabism, socialism, and anti-imperialism. Meir was an Israeli politician who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974. She was the first and only female Prime Minister of Israel and was known for her strong leadership during the Yom Kippur War. SHAH Pahlavi was the last monarch of Iran who reigned from 1941 until his overthrow in 1979. He was known for his pro-Western policies and modernization of the country.