European principalities are small, independent states that are ruled by a monarch. Andorra is a small, landlocked country located between France and Spain. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe and has a population of approximately 77, 000 people. Monaco is a sovereign city-state located on the French Riviera. It is the second smallest nation in Europe and has a population of around 38, 000 people. Liechtenstein is a doubly landlocked alpine country located between Austria and Switzerland. It is the fourth smallest nation in Europe and has a population of around 38, 000 people.