Egypt's capital is CAIRO, a five-letter word. CAIRO is the largest city in Egypt and the Arab world, as well as Africa's second most populous city. It is located on the Nile River and is the political and cultural center of the country. CAIRO has been an important city since ancient times, and was the capital of the Fatimid Caliphate from 969 to 1171. Today, it is a major economic hub and home to many universities, museums, and other cultural institutions.