Chronic respiratory disease is a term used to describe any long-term illness that affects the lungs and breathing. Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, characterized by episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. It is caused by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which can be triggered by allergens, exercise, or other irritants. Asthma can be managed with medications and lifestyle changes, but it is a lifelong condition.