The two Athenian philosophers mentioned in the crossword solutions are Plato and Socrates. Plato was a student of Socrates, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential figures in Western philosophy. He wrote extensively on topics such as ethics, metaphysics, and politics. Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the foundations for Western philosophical thought. He is known for his Socratic method of questioning, which encourages people to think critically and question their own beliefs.