The Incas were an ancient South American civilization that flourished in the Andes Mountains of modern-day Peru from the 13th to 16th centuries. They were known for their advanced architecture, agricultural techniques, and complex social and political systems. The Incas were also renowned for their impressive road system, which connected the far-reaching corners of their empire. They were one of the most powerful and influential civilizations in South America before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century.