Ancient Capital is a term used to describe the capital cities of ancient civilizations. The most famous of these are Rome, Nineveh, and Persepolis. Rome was the capital of the Roman Empire, which was one of the most powerful empires in the world during its time. Nineveh was the capital of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, which was one of the largest empires of the ancient Near East. Persepolis was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire, which was one of the largest empires of the ancient world.